23 May 2026, Volume 45 Issue 5
    

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    Specialist's Forum
  • Research progress on ultrasonic detection for state estimation and safety monitoring of lithium-ion batteries
    CHEN Yang, XIAO Yinuo, CHEN Jiahong, WANG Bo, ZOU Tao, JIANG Wei
    Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy. 2026, 45(5): 1-18. https://doi.org/10.12067/ATEEE2502013
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Lithium-ion batteries are widely used in electric vehicles, energy storage systems, and consumer electronics, yet their safety and performance management remain challenging. Ultrasonic detection technology, characterized by its non-destructive and real-time capabilities, has been increasingly applied to monitor the internal states of batteries across multiple dimensions, providing novel insights into battery safety and performance management. This paper systematically reviews the applications of ultrasonic technology in battery safety and performance detection, covering critical issues such as state estimation, thermal runaway, lithium plating, polarization, and gas generation. Ultrasonic technology can sensitively capture internal temperature fluctuations, structural changes, and gas evolution within batteries, supporting early fault detection and accurate state estimation. The future application of ultrasonic detection in performance enhancement, health management, and lifecycle optimization offers significant potential, providing robust support for the innovative development of intelligent battery management systems.
    • Treatise and Report
  • Reactive power control strategy for single-stage interleaved parallel flyback microinverters with preset reference current phase shift
    WENG Xiaolong, ZHANG Bo, ZENG Yangbin, LIU Yao
    Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy. 2026, 45(5): 19-29. https://doi.org/10.12067/ATEEE2601022
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    This paper proposes a control strategy for single-ended interleaved parallel flyback micro photovoltaic inverters that can directly provide reactive power to the grid. The strategy precisely controls the actual grid-connected current by real-time adjustment of the reference signal waveform of the output current, creating a preset phase shift between it and the grid voltage, thereby enabling flexible regulation of reactive power. Furthermore, it adaptively generates the optimal reference current waveform that matches the dynamic changes of the grid voltage, forming an adaptive reactive power compensation mechanism and enhancing the performance of the reactive power control strategy. Simulation analysis and experimental test results show that the proposed control strategy outperforms traditional control methods in key performance indicators. It not only broadens the adjustable range of the power factor but also effectively reduces the total harmonic distortion of the output current, while being simple in structure, efficient, reliable, and practical.
  • A precise multi-inverter aggregation method considering unstable operating conditions and inter-cluster interactions
    JIANG Youhua, JIN Jiahua, XIE Zhen’gang, HUANG Zhimin, YANG Jinwan
    Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy. 2026, 45(5): 30-41. https://doi.org/10.12067/ATEEE2409014
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    With the increasing number of renewable energy inverters, the electromagnetic transient-based cumulative model for individual inverters, though accurate, introduces excessive computational redundancy, making it unsuitable for real-time requirements in the case of multi-inverter cooperative control. Meanwhile, incomplete simplified aggregation models and conventional “one-size-fits-all” aggregation approaches fail to meet the precision requirements of power scheduling in modern power systems. To address these issues, this paper proposes a precise multi-inverter aggregation method that considers unstable operating conditions and inter-cluster interactions. First, the primary factors affecting aggregation model accuracy are analyzed based on different model types. Then, unstable operating conditions and inter-cluster interactions are incorporated into the inverter clustering determination. A weighted parameter computation approach is employed to construct an aggregation model that preserves system dynamic characteristics while ensuring power accuracy under both stable and unstable conditions. Finally, simulations involving eight single-phase grid-connected inverters under various operating conditions verify the accuracy of the proposed method.
  • A J-A hysteresis model considering compressive strain and wide bandwidth
    ZHU Longfei, LI Xingyi, ZHANG Dan, FAN Bowen, ZHANG Yue
    Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy. 2026, 45(5): 42-52. https://doi.org/10.12067/ATEEE2501019
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    With the continuous expansion of the operating frequency range and the susceptibility of motors to compressive stress during assembly, this paper investigates the influence laws of compressive stress and frequency on the J-A hysteresis model. Targeting compressive stress and wide-frequency operating conditions, an improved J-A hysteresis model is established. Firstly, a novel J-A hysteresis model applicable to static conditions is constructed. On this basis, a static J-A hysteresis model considering compressive stress is developed by adopting the polynomial response surface method. Secondly, fractional derivative theory is introduced to establish a two-term dynamic J-A hysteresis model. Combined with the static J-A hysteresis model that takes compressive stress into account, the coupling effect of compressive stress and high-frequency operating conditions is comprehensively analyzed, and the analytical expressions of fractional order and improved damping coefficient under compressive stress in different frequency bands are derived. Experimental verification results demonstrate that the average error of loss calculation for the novel static J-A hysteresis model is less than 1.5%, and the average error of parameters obtained via polynomial fitting is within 10%. For the two-term dynamic J-A hysteresis model adopting fractional derivatives, the average loss calculation error does not exceed 5%, and the combined model also maintains an average loss calculation error below 5%. Finally, a hysteresis loss calculation method is proposed based on the effective volume method, which achieves an error within 10% when applied to the loss calculation of laminated iron cores.
  • Heat transfer study on rotating rectangular channel in rotor phase-change internal cooling system
    LI Ruiwei, ZHAO Sheng, RUAN Lin, LI Zhi
    Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy. 2026, 45(5): 53-62. https://doi.org/10.12067/ATEEE2512018
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    To address the demand that large-capacity hydropower units are developing toward higher rotational speeds, the efficient cooling technology for vertical rotors has become an urgent research focus. Evaporative cooling technology, characterized by high heat transfer efficiency and excellent temperature uniformity, is regarded as one of the most promising solutions for rotor cooling. To provide effective guidance for the design of rotor winding phase-change cooling system, this study conducts experimental study and theoretical investigation on rectangular-section cooling channels rotating parallel to the vertical shaft. The influence of centrifugal acceleration (30g~70g) and thermal load (200~500 W) on the heat transfer characteristics of the rectangular channel in rotor phase-change internal cooling system are explored. Theoretical derivation of the momentum and energy equations for heated flow in rotating duct reveals that the Nusselt number (Nu) is governed by a series of key dimensionless parameters, including the effective Grashof number (Greff), Rossby number (Ro), Reynolds number (Re), and Prandtl number (Pr). The experimental results indicate that the heat transfer characteristics of the channel is comprehensively affected by centrifugal acceleration and thermal load, and the channel operates under combined convection condition (0.1
  • Research on voltage distribution characteristics of Tokamak superconducting coils based on distributed circuit equivalent model
    LI Liao, HUANG Hengchao, XIAO Yezheng, LIU Huaichao, ZHENG Longgui, HAN Xutao, LI Junhao
    Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy. 2026, 45(5): 63-71. https://doi.org/10.12067/ATEEE2407057
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    The China Fusion Engineering Test Reactor (CFETR) is the next all-superconducting tokamak device in China’s magnetic confinement fusion development roadmap. The central solenoid (CS) coil is a key component for generating the magnetic field and confining plasma in this device. During operation, the superconducting coil is subjected to complex electromagnetic pulses and rapidly changing electrical stresses. This paper focuses on the solid structure of the CS coil and establishes an equivalent distribution circuit model with the single-turn coil as the basic unit. The difference of terminal voltage stress in different discharge phases and the interturn voltage distribution at different positions under real working conditions are calculated. The results indicate that the oscillation waveforms of the superconducting coil terminal voltage when the input current is changed contain three frequency components: 600 Hz, 6.0 kHz and 7.3 kHz. The coil terminal voltage is highest during plasma generation, and the oscillation amplitude reaches -6.67 kV. The superconducting coil outer interturn voltage is higher than the inner interturn voltage, and the interturn voltages in the middle of the outer coil, and the middle and lower parts of the inner coil are higher. The interturn voltage of the even layers of the inner coil is greater than that of the adjacent odd layers, and the interturn voltage of the odd layers of the outer coil is greater than that of the adjacent even layers. This study accurately calculates the voltage distribution characteristics of superconducting coils, which is of great significance for the optimization of the insulation structure of superconducting coils for CFETR and the safe operation of tokamak devices in the future.
  • Parameter identification of equivalent circuit for dielectric response of stator winding insulation in pumped storage motor based on sparse promoting dynamic mode decomposition of depolarization current
    ZHU Guangya, MA Shiyu, ZHANG Yue, YANG Shuai, WANG Bingyan
    Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy. 2026, 45(5): 72-84. https://doi.org/10.12067/ATEEE2505016
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Accurate diagnosis of the insulation condition of the stator windings in pumped storage motor units is crucial for ensuring their safe operation. Time-domain dielectric response testing is one of the effective methods for rapidly diagnosing the insulation condition of capacitive devices, such as those in pumped storage motors. To precisely identify the conductivity and relaxation parameters of the insulating, this paper proposes a method for identifying insulation dielectric response parameters of stator windings based on sparsity promoting dynamic mode decomposition of depolarization current. First, the depolarization current time series obtained from testing are subjected to dynamic mode decomposition. Then, amplitude coefficients are established for each mode. The optimal amplitude coefficients for each mode are calculated using the greedy algorithm. This allows for the separation of the dominant mode, which represents the relaxation characteristics of the main insulation, from the spurious mode, which represents noise interference. The dominant mode is then used to calculate the extended Debye model parameters, enabling precise identification of the relaxation characteristic parameters. Finally, the accuracy and feasibility of the proposed method are verified through a combination of simulation experiments and laboratory tests.
  • Evaluation method of thyristor gate-level health state based on PCA and TOPSIS fusion analysis method
    DAI Haitao, CAO Zhaohan, GAO Dong, LI Hao, SONG Huihui, ZHANG Honghui, PANG Lei
    Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy. 2026, 45(5): 85-94. https://doi.org/10.12067/ATEEE2403037
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    As the core device of ultra-high voltage and extra-high voltage converter valves, the performance degradation of high-voltage thyristors is prone to cause equipment and even system failures, and accurate evaluation of their health state is of great significance for the stable operation of power grids. Aiming at the shortcomings of existing evaluation methods such as strong subjectivity, complex models, or incomplete consideration of factors, this paper built a steady-state electrical accelerated stress degradation experimental platform for high-voltage thyristors, selected KP03XY8500 flat-press high-voltage thyristors to carry out a 1 000-hour voltage accelerated degradation test, and systematically monitored the variation laws of key parameters including reverse recovery charge, on-state voltage, forward and reverse leakage currents, and gate trigger characteristics. The experimental results show that all characteristic parameters of thyristors fluctuate to varying degrees during the degradation process, among which the significant increase and unstable measurement of reverse leakage current are the core failure characteristics, and the main failure mode is the degradation of reverse blocking function. On this basis, a PCA-TOPSIS fusion evaluation model was proposed. The principal component analysis (PCA) was used to extract reverse leakage current as the core feature, the performance evaluation process of the traditional TOPSIS method was improved, the thyristor health index was constructed, and three state intervals (healthy, moderately aged, and severely aged) were divided. Furthermore, the quantitative evaluation of thyristor health state was realized by fitting the relationship curve between failure rate and health degree, with a goodness of fit of 0.942 9, which provides a scientific basis for the operation, maintenance and overhaul of high-voltage thyristors.
    • New Technolog Application
  • Communication in smart grid satellite networks with co-frequency interference mitigation method
    HUANG Yingjie, WANG Peng, YANG Rong, YE Jia
    Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy. 2026, 45(5): 95-103. https://doi.org/10.12067/ATEEE2409001
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    With the continuous development of smart grids, a stable and reliable communication network has become crucial for their normal operation. Satellite communication, with its wide coverage and strong anti-interference capabilities, has become an important component of smart grid communication systems, especially in areas where traditional communication methods are difficult to cover. However, due to limited spectrum resources, the co-frequency interference problem has become increasingly severe when low earth orbit (LEO) satellites and geostationary earth orbit (GEO) satellites provide services for grid devices in the same frequency band, affecting the communication quality and reliability of the system. When LEO satellites serving the grid provide communication services to grid devices, LEO ground receivers not only receive the desired signals but also suffer interference from GEO satellites. To address this issue, this paper proposes an algorithm that combines transmission beamforming and phase design of reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS). This algorithm effectively reduces unwanted interference in the network by enhancing information transmission between the satellites and grid terminals, while optimizing the RIS reflection paths and phase settings. Simulation results show that the proposed method performs excellently in extending the wireless network coverage and improving the system’s signal-to-noise ratio, providing strong support for efficient and reliable satellite communication in smart grid systems.
  • Multi-type unit maintenance model considering mid/long-term time series operation simulation
    ZHOU Junji, DENG Fangzhao, DENG Zhenli, LI Hujun, WU Xiong, HUANG Shengjin
    Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy. 2026, 45(5): 104-113. https://doi.org/10.12067/ATEEE2411038
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Formulating a reasonable unit maintenance plan is crucial for the mid/long-term stable operation of the power system. Given the smalltime resolution of the time series production simulation and the complex constraints inherent in the maintenance model, challenges arise in the direct coupling maintenance model during mid/long-term time series operation simulations of the power system. These challenges contribute to significant computational complexity and scale. To address these issues, this paper establishes a combined model that integrates mid/long-term time series operation simulation with unit maintenance for the power system. Aiming for economic optimization, the model comprehensively considers thermal power units, annual regulating hydropower units, energy storage, pumped storage, wind power and photovoltaic, along with the maintenance models for three types of units. Furthermore, this paper introduces an annual panoramic time series construction method and clustered unit combination (CUC) method to accelerate the model solution from both time and space perspectives. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed model and the accelerated solution method is validated through numerical example analysis, demonstrating a significant improvement in solution efficiency.
  • Study on steady-state temperature field simulation in tunnel cables under various influencing factors
    WU Ji, WEI Liangliang, RAO Zhangquan, YU Xin, CHEN Yuhui, ZHAO Xuetong
    Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy. 2026, 45(5): 114-124. https://doi.org/10.12067/ATEEE2408022
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    With the rapid urbanization and the continuous expansion of new-type power systems, tunnel cables serve as a vital conduit for electricity transmission, where the distribution of their steady-state temperature field critically influences the transmission efficiency and operational safety of the cables. In this study, the finite element analysis method is employed to construct a multi-physics coupled simulation model of tunnel cables using COMSOL Multiphysics software. Utilizing the method of controlled variables, the effects of various cable operation modes such as environmental temperatures, humidity levels, and air flow in the tunnel on the cooling performance of the cables were studied. The results indicate that the ambient temperature and wind speed within the tunnel are the primary determinants influencing the cable temperature distribution. In contrast, variations in operational modes and humidity levels exhibit negligible impact on the cable temperature. This study elucidates the influence patterns of these factors, thereby providing essential theoretical insights and valuable references for the design and operational optimization of tunnel cable systems.
  • In-situ visualization retrieval method for insulator contamination moisture level based on spectral imaging
    QIN Jun, REN Ming, CHEN Junyu, YU Huimin, XU Jun, MIAO Jin, CHEN Jingjing
    Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy. 2026, 45(5): 125-134. https://doi.org/10.12067/ATEEE2410001
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    Damp is the key step of the pollution flashover for contaminated insulators. In order to solve the problem that it is difficult to detect the wettability of contaminated insulators, this paper proposed a rapid detection method of wettability and distribution of insulator pollution layer based on spectral-image regression analysis. Firstly, the artificial fog chamber and hyperspectral imaging platform were built to prepare the different wettability contaminated insulators samples and acquire the hyperspectral images, respectively. Next, seven partial least squares regression (PLSR) models were built based on the original spectral data and six kinds of spectral preprocessing results, and the results showed that all the PLSR models had excellent effect and the determination coefficient R2 and root mean square error RMSE of spectral derivative model (RE) in validation set are 0.994 2 and 0.037 0 respectively, which can effectively improve the effect of PLSR model. Based on the RE model, three characteristic band extraction methods were further applied to remove redundant spectral data and reduce data dimension. The results showed that compared with the full-band model, three characteristic band models can effectively remove redundant spectral information and obtain better PLSR model effect. Among them, the 10 characteristic band model established by random frog method (RF) showed the best modeling performance, and the R2 and RMSE of RE-RF-PLSR model in the validation set reach 0.996 7 and 0.027 8, respectively. Finally, according to the established RE-RF-PLSR model, wettability calculation results of each pixel point can be obtained and wettability distribution visualization of pollution insulator can be realized according to the wettability value combined with pseudo-color processing.
  • EMAT signal denoising method based on SDU-Net
    HUANG Yu, DAI Xuhui, XIAO Jiangtao, QU Wenfeng, ZHANG Zhaochuang, MA Jun, WANG Qianggang
    Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy. 2026, 45(5): 135-144. https://doi.org/10.12067/ATEEE2410008
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    With long-term operation, the gas insulation medium and pipeline materials inside the GIL may experience aging, corrosion and other problems. Regular inspection helps to detect potential fault hazards early. Compared to traditional piezoelectric ultrasonic technology, EMAT can be used to detect without physical contact or coupling media, with higher measurement accuracy, while showing better adaptability to changes in pipe surface roughness. However, due to the low transducer efficiency of the electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer, the echo signal is mixed with a lot of noise and interference, and the signal-to-noise ratio is low. Reasonable design of the algorithm to extract effective signals from it and to improve the signal-to-noise ratio is of great significance for electromagnetic ultrasonic nondestructive testing. To solve this problem, this paper proposes an EMAT echo signal reconstruction method based on SDU-Net. First, the noisy signal and the original clean signal after data enhancement are used as the input of the deep network. Then, the network structure and loss function are optimized to improve the ability to extract features from the EMAT signal and reconstruct clean echoes. In this paper, signals with different SNR are used to compare with CAE and CNN methods. The results show that, compared with CAE and CNN methods, the proposed SDU-Net method can improve the SNR of reconstructed signals to more than 20 dB on average in the de-noising task, and effectively restore the echo signal.
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