23 September 2026, Volume 45 Issue 9

    

• Select all
  |

Treatise and Report
• Select
  Research on electrical characteristics of AC electric arc furnace based on flexible power supply and distribution scheme

  LI Guochao, GE Qiongxuan, YANG Pei, ZHAO Lu, ZHANG Bo

  Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy. 2026, 45(9): 1-10. https://doi.org/10.12067/ATEEE2510003

  Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save

  The AC arc furnace based on the flexible power supply and distribution scheme (hereinafter referred to as “flexible AC arc furnace”) is a new type of arc furnace technology, featuring high system control accuracy and fast response speed. It can achieve stepless regulation of arc power, which is of great significance for reducing the energy consumption of arc furnace smelting. However, at present, there is no unified and effective method for analyzing the electrical characteristics of this type of arc furnace load, and there is a lack of analysis of its power supply mode and definition of the operating boundaries. Therefore, this paper takes the output voltage and current of the converter of the flexible AC arc furnace as independent variables and power as dependent variables to construct the load electrical operation diagram. With the rated capacity constraint of the converter and the preset power factor constraint as conditions, the power circle diagram of the arc furnace is established. Based on this, the operating conditions and stable operation regions corresponding to different outputs under two control modes of the flexible AC arc furnace are obtained, and the influence laws of different arc lengths on power distribution and smelting efficiency are revealed. Through the analysis of the power demand of the arc furnace operating point, it is found that the current control mode can effectively avoid the risk of operating point drift and significantly improve the accuracy and reliability of system control. The above results provide a theoretical basis for the formulation of the arc furnace power supply curve and the selection of power supply strategies.
• Select
  Simplified hybrid EPS control combining magnetizing current for full-range ZVS operation of split-inductance DAB

  TANG Haiguo, LI Wenhui, CUI Chaofan, WANG Yong

  Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy. 2026, 45(9): 11-30. https://doi.org/10.12067/ATEEE2509039

  Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save

  To solve the problems of narrow soft-switching range and complex phase-shifting strategy of the traditional single-side inductor DAB converter, this paper presents the first time domain mathematical modeling and zero-voltage switching (ZVS) analysis of the split inductor DAB (SIDAB) converter, where the inductors are split on both sides of the transformer, and a simplified hybrid EPS (SHEPS) control strategy that combines the magnetizing current to achieve the full-range ZVS is proposed. This strategy can realize the full-range and full-power ZVS operation of all switches without increasing the computational complexity. In addition, to reduce the extra loss caused by the magnetizing current, this paper proposes the SHEPS control strategy to achieve the RMS optimization based on the full-range ZVS operation by utilizing the global optimal condition of the RMS current. Finally, a 3 kW/100 kHz high-frequency SIDAB prototype is built, which verifies the effectiveness of the control strategy in this paper and significantly improve the system efficiency.
• Select
  Coordinated charging scheduling strategy for autonomous electric vehicles integrating vehicle-transportation-grid coupling and clustering-based optimization

  ZENG Shuran, ZHANG Jing, HE Yu, YAN Rujing, WANG Yihang, CHEN Kun

  Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy. 2026, 45(9): 31-42. https://doi.org/10.12067/ATEEE2510029

  Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save

  Autonomous electric vehicles represent a pivotal convergence of global energy transition and smart transportation. Their large-scale deployment is reshaping vehicles, transport networks, and power grids into deeply integrated systems. This paper develops an optimized charging scheduling method for mass AEV deployment. The approach establishes a vehicle-transport-grid coupling model to enhance scheduling efficiency and prevent local overloads. We analyze spatiotemporal load distributions to extract key factors including charging pile occupancy rates and dynamic electricity prices. Using improved K-means++ clustering, we group charging nodes to reduce optimization complexity. The system then recommends optimal charging nodes to users based on travel distance and duration. This methodology enables orderly charging while maintaining system balance. Results demonstrate our strategy significantly improves optimization efficiency, balances load distribution, and reduces user charging costs, confirming its practical effectiveness.
• Select
  Adaptive control research on online parameter identification of high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motors based on forgetting factor

  WANG Jianyuan, ZUO Kaiyue, LIN Rong, ZHANG Yanping, YIN Zhonggang, GUO Yupeng

  Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy. 2026, 45(9): 43-56. https://doi.org/10.12067/ATEEE2508009

  Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save

  To address the control performance degradation of high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor (HSPMSM) caused by time-varying parameters during operation, this paper proposes an adaptive control strategy based on online multi-parameter identification. The strategy establishes a hybrid parameter identification framework that integrates model reference adaptive system (MRAS) with recursive least squares (RLS), enabling real-time high-precision estimation of critical parameters including stator resistance, d/q-axis inductances, and permanent magnet flux linkage. Based on the identification results, the parameters of both speed and current loop controllers are dynamically adjusted. To further enhance the convergence speed and estimation accuracy of parameter identification, an adaptive forgetting factor mechanism for RLS is proposed. Experimental results demonstrate that compared with conventional control strategies, when significant changes occur in load conditions and motor parameters, the proposed method achieves rapid and accurate motor parameter identification while effectively suppressing speed fluctuations and torque ripples induced by parameter mismatch, thereby significantly improving the control robustness under time-varying operating conditions.
• Select
  Speed identification of linear flux-switching permanent magnet motor based on improved model reference adaptive system considering electromagnetic parameter asymmetry

  WANG Qi, WANG Ke, ZHANG Wei, LI Yaohua

  Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy. 2026, 45(9): 57-69. https://doi.org/10.12067/ATEEE2601036

  Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save

  For linear motors, the broken magnetic circuit due to the end effect leads to asymmetry in electromagnetic parameters, which adversely affects the speed identification accuracy of sensorless control systems based on the model reference adaptive system (MRAS). This paper investigates a 12/13 slot-pole linear flux-switching permanent magnet motor (LFSPM). First, a precise mathematical model considering asymmetric electromagnetic parameters is established. Second, the mechanism by which electromagnetic parameter asymmetry in the LFSPM impacts MRAS-based speed identification is revealed. Then, an improved MRAS speed identification method that accounts for the electromagnetic parameter asymmetry is proposed, and the complete control system is developed. Finally, simulation and experimental results demonstrate that, compared with the conventional MRAS method, the proposed improved method significantly suppresses the speed and position estimation errors caused by electromagnetic parameter asymmetry, achieving higher precision in sensorless control. This work provides an effective solution for high-precision sensorless control of linear motors.
• Select
  Research on vibration mechanism and influencing factors of high frequency transformer core

  LI Li, WANG Wenzhao, ZHU Yexin, WANG Na, JI Shengchang

  Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy. 2026, 45(9): 70-79. https://doi.org/10.12067/ATEEE2503016

  Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save

  High frequency transformers (HFT) are characterized by their compact size, lightweight, and high power density. However, they are subject to notable vibrations and acute noise during operation due to the constraints of core materials. Investigating the generation mechanisms, characteristics, and influencing factors of HFT vibrations is of significant importance. Initially, the study delves into the sources of vibration within the HFT core, exploring the mechanisms of magnetostriction and Maxwell forces. Subsequently, a simulation model for HFT vibration is developed to examine the effects of magnetostriction and Maxwell forces on core vibration under varying air gap distances. Finally, the research investigates the impact of different influencing factors on core vibration, uncovering the characteristics and patterns of vibration changes. The findings reveal that the vibration sources in transformer cores with air gaps are a combination of magnetostriction and Maxwell forces, whereas in cores without air gaps, magnetostriction predominates. The primary frequency of the transformer’s vibration is twice the excitation frequency, and to a certain extent, the amplitude of vibration is positively correlated with the excitation frequency and magnetic flux density.
• Select
  Hierarchical control strategy for a multi-port energy router with V2G integration

  SU Na, ZHU Longji

  Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy. 2026, 45(9): 80-87. https://doi.org/10.12067/ATEEE2510026

  Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save

  To address the technical bottleneck of balancing power allocation accuracy and dynamic response speed in vehicle-to-grid integrated multi-port energy routers, a hierarchical cooperative architecture featuring “energy management-coordinated control-fast execution” is proposed. Specifically, the upper layer of the architecture determines system-level energy scheduling and mode switching for global optimization; the middle layer constructs an adaptive voltage segmentation mechanism integrating battery state of charge to achieve multi-objective coordination; and the bottom layer introduces bus voltage differential feedforward compensation to guarantee fast and precise instruction execution. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme effectively overcomes the inherent limitations of existing methods. Compared with typical conventional control, the recovery time under strong disturbances is shortened by 90%. In islanded mode, the EV power tracking error under heavy loads is restricted to within 1%; in grid-connected mode, adaptive cooperative support for grid power is realized, and DC bus voltage fluctuations are restricted to within 2% under all operating conditions. Consequently, the strong coupling constraints among multiple objectives are effectively decoupled, significantly enhancing system dynamic robustness and power quality.
• Select
  Analysis and evaluation of adaptability of traditional protection in new energy access system combined with topology of central China grid

  ZHANG Jin, ZHANG Mingxuan, HU Jiyuan, JIN Mingliang, CHEN Xiangwen, LIN Hongfan, SONG Guobing

  Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy. 2026, 45(9): 88-101. https://doi.org/10.12067/ATEEE2506023

  Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save

  Based on the analysis of the electrical quantity of the new energy access system, the adaptability of protective auxiliary elements used in the traditional AC line, such as the direction element and phase selection element, differential protection and distance protection, is evaluated, and the adaptive boundaries of the above protection are given, and the adaptability evaluation method is verified in combination with the topology of Central China Power Grid. PSCAD/EMTDC simulation is used to verify the applicability of the proposed adaptability analysis method to Central China Power Grid, and the possible problems of traditional AC protection in Central China Power Grid are pointed out, which can provide theoretical guidance for the research on the adaptability of relay protection in Central China Power Grid.
• Select
  Impedance modeling of hydropower unit and grid-connected stability analysis

  CHEN Yu, MI Wenchao, MA Tinghao, XIA Jianhua, LUO Teng, ZHANG Qi, DU Xiong

  Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy. 2026, 45(9): 102-111. https://doi.org/10.12067/ATEEE2503063

  Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save

  Hydropower is a clean energy source that can effectively reduce fossil energy consumption and plays a vital role in carbon emission reduction and resource conservation. However, the large-scale grid integration of hydropower may introduce wide-band oscillation risks arising from the interaction between hydropower units and the power grid, which may threaten equipment safety and degrade the operational stability of the power grid in severe cases. The impedance analysis method can effectively simplify the process of stability analysis, its physical meaning is clear, and the model is easy to systematically extend. Therefore, based on the impedance analysis method, this paper divides the hydropower unit into three components, namely the synchronous generator, hydraulic turbine, and governor. The small-signal linearized equations of each component are derived, and the impedance model of the hydropower unit is established in the dq coordinate system. On this basis, the sequence impedance model is further constructed according to the mathematical transformation relationship with the dq impedance model. Firstly, this method is based on the modular impedance model, and when the system structure and parameters are changed, only the transfer functions and parameters of the corresponding modules need to be changed without re-establishing the system model. Secondly, the frequency scanning method is used to validate the established impedance model by scanning, which proves the accuracy of the impedance model established in this paper. Finally, the stability analysis of the grid-connected system of hydraulic turbine unit and new energy unit based on impedance method is carried out. The results show the applicability of the established impedance model of hydropower unit in oscillation analysis.
• Select
  Fluid-model-based simulation of Ar-Hg plasma tube discharges

  ZHANG Shilin, HE Runmin, ZHANG Shuai, FENG Yu, ZHANG Cheng, SHAO Tao

  Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy. 2026, 45(9): 112-118. https://doi.org/10.12067/ATEEE2512034

  Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save

  Argon-mercury (Ar-Hg) gas discharge is widely used in high-efficiency lighting and ultraviolet sterilization, yet its complex microscopic physical processes and discharge mechanisms remain incompletely understood. In this study, a plasma fluid model of the discharge tube is coupled with an external circuit. The discharge tube is modeled as a one-dimensional axial Ar-Hg plasma discharge driven by an AC power source. A self-consistent solution is obtained for the external circuit behavior and the axial distributions of electron density, electron temperature, and collision frequency within the tube. The results indicate that during the initial discharge stage, the tube voltage continuously decreases while the discharge current increases slightly. After reaching steady state, particle densities are higher near both electrodes and become nearly uniform along the axial direction. Under a ballast resistance of 400 Ω, the electron density reaches 1.9×1018 m-3. A maximum electron density of 4.7×1018 m-3 is achieved at an argon partial pressure of 57 Torr. With increasing argon partial pressure, the electron temperature decreases from 8 240 K to 4 178 K, whereas the collision frequency increases from 0.5~11.8 GHz. These findings provide a theoretical basis for optimizing electron density in Ar-Hg gas discharges.
New Technolog Application
• Select
  A method for identifying single-pole ground faults in MMC-MVDC based on min-max normalization

  CHANG Nana, QIN Yifan, CHANG Zhongxue, SONG Guobing

  Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy. 2026, 45(9): 119-131. https://doi.org/10.12067/ATEEE2510034

  Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save

  This paper addresses the issue of increased healthy pole voltage in a radial modular multilevel medium voltage direct current (MMC-MVDC) distribution network with small current grounding when a single-pole grounding fault occurs. A fault detection method based on data normalization is proposed. By analyzing the transient current loop and the characteristics of pole current fault component under different grounding methods, the limitations of directly using pole current fault component for fault detection are pointed out. This method utilizes min-max normalization technology to render the quantities dimensionless. By doing so, it effectively amplifies the differences in fault characteristics while preserving the waveform morphological features, thereby establishing the criteria for fault line and pole selection. PSCAD simulation verification demonstrates that this method can accurately identify line and busbar faults using only a 1 ms data window. It not only exhibits a strong ability to withstand high transition resistance but also adapts well to complex conditions such as load fluctuations, extremely short lines, and low sampling rates, indicating significant value for engineering applications.
• Select
  Fault identification method of transmission line in winter based on Bayesian additive regression tree

  NIU Jing, WANG Jian, ZHOU Xian, XUE Han, QIAO Weixiang , AI Zhongquan, LINGHU Rongchang

  Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy. 2026, 45(9): 132-144. https://doi.org/10.12067/ATEEE2508047

  Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save

  Although the current fault identification method based on deep learning performs well in terms of accuracy, the identification results mainly reflect the correlation and lack causal interpretability. Therefore, this paper proposes a fault identification method for winter transmission lines based on Bayesian Additive Regression Trees (BART), which aims to enhance the interpretability and causal inference ability of the model. First, the causes, types and corresponding weather features of transmission line faults in winter are sorted out and analyzed, and the transient waveform characteristics of typical faults including ice shedding jump, ice flashover and pollution flashover are deeply analyzed. Second, combined with causal inference principle and ensemble learning algorithm, a BART fault identification model is constructed. Using its excellent nonlinear fitting ability and built-in uncertainty quantification mechanism, the causal relationship between fault causes and meteorological factors is explored. Third, the fault type, fault cause and weather information are numerically encoded, and the three-phase current and voltage data features extracted by the residual network are used as model input to train and test the fault identification model. Finally, the experimental results based on actual fault data show that the accuracy of the proposed BART model in fault cause identification reaches 95.57%, which verifies that it has stronger interpretability and causal analysis ability while maintaining high identification accuracy.